الرئيسية
Chlorpheniramine
Trade
names in egyptian market:
Anallerge® tab , syrup … allergyl® tab , syrup ….. pirafene® tab
Class:
Antihistamines,1st Generation
Dosing Forms
Tablets , syrup ,Extended-release tablets , Extended-release capsules, Sustained-release capsules
Dose:
*Adult: 4 mg q4-6hr (max dose:24mg/day)
*6-12 years old :2 mg q4-6hr (max dose: 12 mg /day)
*2-6 years old: 1 mg q4-6hr (max dose: 6 mg /day)
*LESS THAN 2 YEARS : Safety & efficacy not established
Uses & indications:
-Allergic rhinitis
-Perennialطوال السنة& seasonal allergic &vasomotor rhinitis(ليست نتيجة حساسية
او عدوى)
-relief of symptoms fromcolds, urticaria, angioedema, anaphylactic reactions, pruritus, allergic conjunctivitis
Pregnancy& Lactation
Lactation: excretion in milk unknown/not recommended
Pregnancy Category: C
, this means that it is Used with caution if benefits outweigh risks
Contraindications
-Documented hypersensitivity
-Lower respiratory disease, eg, asthma (controversial)
-Preemies (premature infants) & neonates
-Nursing women
-Acute asthma, sleep apnea
Cautions
Caution in narrow angle glaucoma, prostatic hypertrophy, stenosing
peptic ulcer, pyloroduodenal obstruction, or bladder neck obstruction
Pharmacology
*Half-Life: 12-43 hr
*Duration: 24 hr
*Onset: 6 hr
*Peak Plasma Time: 2-6 hr
*Protein Bound: 69-72%
*Metabolism: GI mucosa, liver
*Excretion: urine
*Sedative effect: low
*Antihistamine activity: moderate
*Anticholinergic acitivity: moderate
Mechanism
of Action
Histamine H1-receptor antagonist
Storage
Store at 25C .Protect from light
Side effects:
Frequency Not Defined
CNS depression , Drowsiness , Sedation ranging from mild drowsiness to deep sleep (most frequent)
Dizziness , Lassitude , Disturbed coordination , Muscular weakness
, Restlessness, insomnia, tremors, euphoria, nervousness, delirium palpitation(abnormalityof heartbeat), seizures is less common
Epigastric distress , Anorexia , Nausea , Vomiting , Diarrhea ,Constipation, Cholestasis, hepatitis, hepatic failure, hepatic function abnormality, jaundice is rare
Tachycardia, palpitation ECG changes (eg, widened QRS)
Arrhythmias (eg, extrasystole, heart block)
Hypotension , Hypertension , Dizziness, sedation, and hypotension may
occur in geriatric patients
Dryness of mouth, nose, and throat , Dysuria , Urinary retention , Impotence
Drug Interactions:
Serious Interactions with isocarboxazid , oxybate & tranylcypromine, so Use Alternative:
isocarboxazid {Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)} increases
effects of chlorpheniramine by Other (see comment). Serious - Use Alternative.
Comment: Isocarboxazid should not be administered in combination with antihistamines
chlorpheniramine, sodium oxybate. Either increases effects of the
other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Serious - Use Alternative. Additive CNS depression.
tranylcypromine increases effects of chlorpheniramine by Other.
Serious - Use Alternative. Tranylcypromine should not be administered in combination with antihistamines because of potential additive CNS depressant
effects. MAO inhibitors also prolong and intensify anticholinergic effects of antihistamines.
Moderate interactions:
Anticholinergic drugs, such as:
Atropine ,Belladonna, Benztropine ,Clidinium, Clozapine ,Darifenacin, Dicyclomine , Diphenhydramine ,Glycopyrrolate, Haloperidol ,Homatropine ,Hyoscyamine, Ipratropium ,Oxybutynin
Other products that cause drowsiness, such as:
Alcohol ,Antipsychotic medications ,Anxiety medications ,Most antidepressants ,Muscle relaxants ,Narcotic pain relievers,Sleep medications ,Some antihistamines
Phenothiazine medications, such as:
Chlorpromazine, Fluphenazine ,Perphenazine ,Prochlorperazine ,Thioridazine ,Trifluoperazine
Trade
names in egyptian market:
Anallerge® tab , syrup … allergyl® tab , syrup ….. pirafene® tab
Class:
Antihistamines,1st Generation
Dosing Forms
Tablets , syrup ,Extended-release tablets , Extended-release capsules, Sustained-release capsules
Dose:
*Adult: 4 mg q4-6hr (max dose:24mg/day)
*6-12 years old :2 mg q4-6hr (max dose: 12 mg /day)
*2-6 years old: 1 mg q4-6hr (max dose: 6 mg /day)
*LESS THAN 2 YEARS : Safety & efficacy not established
Uses & indications:
-Allergic rhinitis
-Perennialطوال السنة& seasonal allergic &vasomotor rhinitis(ليست نتيجة حساسية
او عدوى)
-relief of symptoms fromcolds, urticaria, angioedema, anaphylactic reactions, pruritus, allergic conjunctivitis
Pregnancy& Lactation
Lactation: excretion in milk unknown/not recommended
Pregnancy Category: C
, this means that it is Used with caution if benefits outweigh risks
Contraindications
-Documented hypersensitivity
-Lower respiratory disease, eg, asthma (controversial)
-Preemies (premature infants) & neonates
-Nursing women
-Acute asthma, sleep apnea
Cautions
Caution in narrow angle glaucoma, prostatic hypertrophy, stenosing
peptic ulcer, pyloroduodenal obstruction, or bladder neck obstruction
Pharmacology
*Half-Life: 12-43 hr
*Duration: 24 hr
*Onset: 6 hr
*Peak Plasma Time: 2-6 hr
*Protein Bound: 69-72%
*Metabolism: GI mucosa, liver
*Excretion: urine
*Sedative effect: low
*Antihistamine activity: moderate
*Anticholinergic acitivity: moderate
Mechanism
of Action
Histamine H1-receptor antagonist
Storage
Store at 25C .Protect from light
Side effects:
Frequency Not Defined
CNS depression , Drowsiness , Sedation ranging from mild drowsiness to deep sleep (most frequent)
Dizziness , Lassitude , Disturbed coordination , Muscular weakness
, Restlessness, insomnia, tremors, euphoria, nervousness, delirium palpitation(abnormalityof heartbeat), seizures is less common
Epigastric distress , Anorexia , Nausea , Vomiting , Diarrhea ,Constipation, Cholestasis, hepatitis, hepatic failure, hepatic function abnormality, jaundice is rare
Tachycardia, palpitation ECG changes (eg, widened QRS)
Arrhythmias (eg, extrasystole, heart block)
Hypotension , Hypertension , Dizziness, sedation, and hypotension may
occur in geriatric patients
Dryness of mouth, nose, and throat , Dysuria , Urinary retention , Impotence
Drug Interactions:
Serious Interactions with isocarboxazid , oxybate & tranylcypromine, so Use Alternative:
isocarboxazid {Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)} increases
effects of chlorpheniramine by Other (see comment). Serious - Use Alternative.
Comment: Isocarboxazid should not be administered in combination with antihistamines
chlorpheniramine, sodium oxybate. Either increases effects of the
other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Serious - Use Alternative. Additive CNS depression.
tranylcypromine increases effects of chlorpheniramine by Other.
Serious - Use Alternative. Tranylcypromine should not be administered in combination with antihistamines because of potential additive CNS depressant
effects. MAO inhibitors also prolong and intensify anticholinergic effects of antihistamines.
Moderate interactions:
Anticholinergic drugs, such as:
Atropine ,Belladonna, Benztropine ,Clidinium, Clozapine ,Darifenacin, Dicyclomine , Diphenhydramine ,Glycopyrrolate, Haloperidol ,Homatropine ,Hyoscyamine, Ipratropium ,Oxybutynin
Other products that cause drowsiness, such as:
Alcohol ,Antipsychotic medications ,Anxiety medications ,Most antidepressants ,Muscle relaxants ,Narcotic pain relievers,Sleep medications ,Some antihistamines
Phenothiazine medications, such as:
Chlorpromazine, Fluphenazine ,Perphenazine ,Prochlorperazine ,Thioridazine ,Trifluoperazine
